Submissions

Author Guidelines

Authors are invited to make a submission to this journal. All submissions will be assessed by an editor to determine whether they meet the aims and scope of this journal. Those considered to be a good fit will be sent for peer review before determining whether they will be accepted or rejected.

Before making a submission, authors are responsible for obtaining permission to publish any material included with the submission, such as photos, documents and datasets. All authors identified on the submission must consent to be identified as an author. Where appropriate, research should be approved by an appropriate ethics committee in accordance with the legal requirements of the study's country.

An editor may desk reject a submission if it does not meet minimum standards of quality. Before submitting, please ensure that the study design and research argument are structured and articulated properly. The title should be concise and the abstract should be able to stand on its own. This will increase the likelihood of reviewers agreeing to review the paper. When you're satisfied that your submission meets this standard, please follow the checklist below to prepare your submission.

Manuscript Formatting Requirements

Every submission must comply with the following rules:

1. Titles and headings: Each significant word in the title must begin with a capital letter, except articles and conjunctions such as “is”, “or”, “and” and “then”, unless they are the first word.
2. Author names: Initials alone are not allowed. At least the first name must be written in full.
   Example: Bashar Talib Al-Nuaimi, Wedyan Habeeb Hameed and Wisam Sami Mohsin.
3. Affiliations:
   • If all authors belong to the same institution, no numbering is needed.
   • If authors belong to different institutions, please number them accordingly.
   • Institutional information should follow this order: Department, College, University, Postal Code City, Country.
     Example: Department of Physics, College of Science, Kerbala University, 56001 Karbala, Iraq.
   • All author email addresses should appear in a single line, separated by commas, with no additional text.
4. Keywords: At least four keywords are required. Each should start with a capital letter and be separated by commas.
5. Figures: Figures must be centered, numbered, and have captions below them. Captions with one line should be centered; those with more than one line should be justified. Ensure all figures are referenced in the text.
6. Tables: Tables must be numbered, centered, and have captions above them. Captions with one line should be centered; multi-line captions should be justified. Bold font and color formatting are not allowed, unless the color is essential for understanding. Ensure all tables are referenced in the text.
7. Equations: Equations must be centered with the numbering aligned to the right, in Times New Roman font. There should be 6 pt spacing before and after each equation.
   Example of correct reference: “Equation (1) shows …” (not “Eq. (1)”).
8. References: References must follow the IEEE style, and each paper must include at least 10 references. Authors must ensure that all references are cited in the text. Additionally, self-citations must not exceed 10% of the total references.
9. Main text formatting: The body text should not contain boldface unless used for headings.